Our Workshop:
Intercultural
Competencies
in Public Diplomacy
Master Classes for Educators and Students
In the collection of his posthumously published writings, the Testament Politique, Armand Jean de Plessis de Richelieu (1585-1642), Chief minister to Louis XIII of France and a fabulous titan of European diplomacy, left to posterity an omnium-gatherum of particularly practical wisdom. Among other treasures of the said trove, there is one that ventilates a rather obvious fact – id est “different nations have different characters“. With the combination of grandeur and shrewdness, the sage cardinal pontificated that such distinctiveness was to be reckoned with at all times.